Posachedwapa, makasitomala ambiri akabwera ku Olukey kudzakambirana za MOSFET, amafunsa funso, momwe angasankhire MOSFET yoyenera? Ponena za funsoli, Olukey ayankha aliyense.
Choyamba, tiyenera kumvetsetsa mfundo ya MOSFET. Zambiri za MOSFET zikufotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane m'nkhani yapitayi "Kodi MOS Field Effect Transistor ndi chiyani". Ngati simukudziwabe, mutha kudziwa kaye. Mwachidule, MOSFET ndi ya Voltage-controlled semiconductor components ali ndi ubwino wotsutsa kwambiri, phokoso laling'ono, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, mphamvu zazikulu, kusakanikirana kosavuta, kusokonezeka kwachiwiri, ndi machitidwe akuluakulu otetezeka.
Ndiye, tiyenera kusankha bwanji choyeneraMOSFET?
1. Dziwani ngati mungagwiritse ntchito MOSFET ya N-channel kapena P-channel
Choyamba, tiyenera kudziwa kaye ngati tigwiritse ntchito N-channel kapena P-channel MOSFET, monga momwe zilili pansipa:
Monga tikuonera pachithunzi pamwambapa, pali kusiyana koonekeratu pakati pa N-channel ndi P-channel MOSFETs. Mwachitsanzo, MOSFET ikakhazikika ndipo katunduyo alumikizidwa ndi magetsi a nthambi, MOSFET imapanga chosinthira champhamvu chamagetsi. Panthawiyi, N-channel MOSFET iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, MOSFET ikalumikizidwa ndi basi ndipo katunduyo wakhazikika, chosinthira cham'mbali chimagwiritsidwa ntchito. P-channel MOSFETs nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu topology ina, zomwe zimachitikanso chifukwa cha ma voltage drive.
2. Magetsi owonjezera ndi magetsi owonjezera a MOSFET
(1). Dziwani mphamvu zowonjezera zomwe MOSFET imafunikira
Kachiwiri, tiwonanso ma voliyumu owonjezera ofunikira pagalimoto yamagetsi, kapena mphamvu yayikulu yomwe chipangizocho chingavomereze. Kuchulukitsa kwamagetsi owonjezera a MOSFET. Izi zikutanthauza kuti zofunikira zazikulu za MOSFETVDS zomwe ziyenera kusankhidwa, ndizofunikira kwambiri kupanga miyeso yosiyana ndi zosankha zochokera kumagetsi apamwamba omwe MOSFET angavomereze. Kumene, zambiri, kunyamula zida ndi 20V, FPGA magetsi ndi 20 ~ 30V, ndi 85 ~ 220VAC ndi 450 ~ 600V. MOSFET yopangidwa ndi WINSOK ili ndi mphamvu yokana mphamvu yamagetsi komanso ntchito zosiyanasiyana, ndipo imakondedwa ndi ogwiritsa ntchito ambiri. Ngati muli ndi zosowa zilizonse, chonde lemberani makasitomala pa intaneti.
(2) Dziwani zowonjezera zomwe zimafunidwa ndi MOSFET
Pomwe ma voliyumu ovoteledwa amasankhidwanso, ndikofunikira kudziwa komwe MOSFET imafunikira. Zomwe zimatchedwa kuti zovoteledwa ndizomwe zimakhalapo kwambiri zomwe katundu wa MOS amatha kupirira muzochitika zilizonse. Mofanana ndi momwe magetsi amakhalira, onetsetsani kuti MOSFET yomwe mumasankha ikhoza kugwiritsira ntchito zina zowonjezera, ngakhale pamene dongosolo limapanga ma spikes apano. Zinthu ziwiri zomwe zikuyenera kuganiziridwa pano ndizosasintha komanso ma pulse spikes. Mumayendedwe opitilira, MOSFET imakhala yokhazikika, pomwe pakali pano ikupitilira kudutsa pa chipangizocho. Pulse spike imatanthawuza kuwonjezereka pang'ono (kapena nsonga yapamwamba) yomwe ikuyenda pa chipangizocho. Kamodzi pazipita panopa chilengedwe anatsimikiza, inu muyenera kusankha mwachindunji chipangizo kuti angathe kupirira ena pazipita panopa.
Pambuyo posankha zowonjezera zamakono, kugwiritsa ntchito conduction kuyeneranso kuganiziridwa. Muzochitika zenizeni, MOSFET si chipangizo chenicheni chifukwa mphamvu ya kinetic imagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya kutentha, yomwe imatchedwa conduction loss. MOSFET ikakhala "pa", imakhala ngati chopinga chosinthika, chomwe chimatsimikiziridwa ndi RDS (ON) ya chipangizocho ndikusintha kwambiri ndi muyeso. Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwamakina kumatha kuwerengedwa ndi Iload2 × RDS (ON). Popeza kukana kubwerera kumasintha ndi muyeso, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kudzasinthanso moyenera. Kukwera kwa VGS komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ku MOSFET, RDS (ON) idzakhala yaying'ono; m'malo mwake, kukwezeka kwa RDS(ON) kudzakhala. Dziwani kuti kukana kwa RDS(ON) kumachepetsa pang'ono ndi pano. Zosintha za gulu lililonse la magawo amagetsi a RDS (ON) resistor zitha kupezeka patebulo losankhira zopangidwa ndi wopanga.
3. Dziwani zofunikira zoziziritsa zomwe zimafunidwa ndi dongosolo
Mkhalidwe wotsatira womwe uyenera kuweruzidwa ndi zofunikira zowonongeka ndi kutentha zomwe zimafunidwa ndi dongosolo. Pamenepa, pafunika kuganiziridwa zinthu ziwiri zofanana, zomwe ndi zoipa kwambiri komanso zenizeni.
Ponena za kutentha kwa MOSFET,Olukeyimayika patsogolo njira yothetsera vuto lalikulu kwambiri, chifukwa zotsatira zina zimafuna malire akuluakulu a inshuwalansi kuti atsimikizire kuti dongosololi silikulephera. Pali zina zoyezera zomwe zimafunikira chidwi pa pepala la data la MOSFET; kutentha kwapakatikati kwa chipangizocho ndi kofanana ndi kuyeza kwapamwamba kwambiri kuphatikizapo chinthu cha kukana kutentha ndi kutaya mphamvu (kutentha kwapakati = kuyeza kwa chikhalidwe chapamwamba + [kukana kutentha × kutaya mphamvu]). Kutaya mphamvu kwakukulu kwa dongosololi kungathe kuthetsedwa motsatira ndondomeko inayake, yomwe ili yofanana ndi I2 × RDS (ON) mwa kutanthauzira. Tawerengera kale kuchuluka kwapano komwe kudzadutsa pa chipangizocho ndipo titha kuwerengera RDS (ON) mosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, kutentha kwa board board ndi MOSFET yake kuyenera kusamalidwa.
Kuwonongeka kwa avalanche kumatanthauza kuti voteji ya m'mbuyo pa gawo la semi-superconducting imaposa mtengo wapatali ndipo imapanga mphamvu ya maginito yomwe imawonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi mu gawoli. Kuwonjezeka kwa kukula kwa chip kumathandizira kuletsa kugwa kwa mphepo ndipo pamapeto pake kumapangitsa kukhazikika kwa makinawo. Choncho, kusankha phukusi lalikulu kungathe kuteteza ma avalanches.
4. Dziwani kusintha kwa MOSFET
Chiweruzo chomaliza ndicho kusintha kwa MOSFET. Pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimakhudza kusintha kwa MOSFET. Zofunikira kwambiri ndi magawo atatu a electrode-drain, electrode-source ndi drain-source. Capacitor imaperekedwa nthawi iliyonse ikasintha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kutayika kwasintha kumachitika mu capacitor. Chifukwa chake, kuthamanga kwa MOSFET kudzachepa, motero kumakhudza magwiridwe antchito a chipangizocho. Choncho, posankha MOSFET, m'pofunikanso kuweruza ndikuwerengera kutaya kwathunthu kwa chipangizocho panthawi yosintha. Ndikofunikira kuwerengera kutayika panthawi yotsegulira (Eon) ndi kutayika panthawi yotseka. (Eoff). Mphamvu yonse yosinthira MOSFET imatha kuwonetsedwa ndi equation yotsatirayi: Psw = (Eon + Eoff) × kusintha pafupipafupi. Kukwera pachipata (Qgd) kumakhudza kwambiri kusintha magwiridwe antchito.
Kufotokozera mwachidule, kusankha MOSFET yoyenera, chiweruzo choyenera chiyenera kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zinayi: magetsi owonjezera ndi zowonjezera zamakono za N-channel MOSFET kapena P-channel MOSFET, zofunikira za kutentha kwa chipangizo ndi kusintha kwa makina. MOSFET.
Ndizo zonse lero momwe mungasankhire MOSFET yoyenera. Ndikukhulupirira kuti ikhoza kukuthandizani.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-12-2023
