The metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, kapena MOS FET) ndi mtundu wa transistor (FET), womwe umapangidwa kwambiri ndi okosijeni woyendetsedwa ndi silicon. Lili ndi chipata chotsekedwa, voteji yomwe imatsimikizira kuti chipangizocho chikuyenda bwino.
Mbali yake yayikulu ndi yakuti pali silicon dioxide insulating wosanjikiza pakati pa chipata chachitsulo ndi njira, kotero imakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu (mpaka 1015Ω). Imagawidwanso mu chubu cha N-channel ndi P-channel chubu. Nthawi zambiri gawo lapansi (gawo lapansi) ndi gwero S zimalumikizidwa palimodzi.
Malinga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma conduction, ma MOSFET amagawidwa kukhala mtundu wowonjezera ndi mtundu wa kuchepa.
Zomwe zimatchedwa kuti zowonjezera zimatanthawuza: pamene VGS = 0, chubu ili mumkhalidwe wodulidwa. Pambuyo powonjezera VGS yolondola, onyamula ambiri amakopeka ndi chipata, motero "amakulitsa" zonyamulira m'derali ndikupanga njira yoyendetsera. .
Njira yochepetsera imatanthauza kuti VGS = 0, njira imapangidwa. Pamene VGS yolondola ikuwonjezeredwa, zonyamulira zambiri zimatha kutuluka mumsewu, motero "kuchepetsa" zonyamulira ndikuzimitsa chubu.
Kusiyanitsa chifukwa: JFET athandizira kukana ndi kuposa 100MΩ, ndi transconductance ndi mkulu kwambiri, pamene chipata anatsogolera, m'nyumba danga maginito n'zosavuta kuzindikira ntchito voteji deta chizindikiro pachipata, kotero kuti payipi amakonda kukhala, kapena kukhala otopa. Ngati mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi iwonjezedwa pachipata, chifukwa cholumikizira chachikulu chamagetsi ndi champhamvu, zomwe zili pamwambapa zikhala zofunika kwambiri. Ngati singano ya mita yapatuka kwambiri kumanzere, zikutanthauza kuti payipi imakhala yokwera, chotchinga cha RDS chimakula, ndipo kuchuluka kwa gwero la madzi kumachepetsa IDS. Mosiyana ndi zimenezi, singano ya mita imakhotera kwambiri kumanja, kusonyeza kuti payipi imakhala yozimitsa, RDS imatsika, ndipo IDS imakwera. Komabe, komwe singano ya mita imapatukira iyenera kudalira mizati yabwino komanso yoyipa ya voteji yomwe imapangitsa (voltage yoyenda bwino kapena voliyumu yobwerera kumbuyo) komanso pakatikati pa payipi.
WINSOK DFN3x3 MOSFET
Kutengera njira ya N mwachitsanzo, imapangidwa pagawo la P-silicon yomwe ili ndi zigawo ziwiri zophatikizika kwambiri za N+ ndi kukhetsa zigawo za N+, kenako ma elekitirodi S ndi ma elekitirodi D amatsogozedwa motsatana. Gwero ndi gawo lapansi zimagwirizana mkati, ndipo nthawi zonse zimakhala ndi mphamvu zofanana. Pamene kukhetsa kulumikizidwa ku terminal yabwino ya magetsi ndipo gwero limalumikizidwa ku terminal yoyipa yamagetsi ndi VGS=0, tchanelo chapano (ie drain current) ID=0. Pamene VGS ikukwera pang'onopang'ono, kukopeka ndi magetsi abwino a pachipata, onyamula ochepa omwe ali ndi vuto lochepa amalowetsedwa pakati pa zigawo ziwiri zogawanika, kupanga njira ya N-mtundu kuchokera ku drain kupita ku gwero. VGS ikakhala yayikulu kuposa ma voliyumu a VTN a chubu (nthawi zambiri pafupifupi + 2V), chubu cha N-channel chimayamba kuchita, ndikupanga ID yapano.
VMOSFET (VMOSFET), dzina lake lonse ndi V-groove MOSFET. Ndi chipangizo chatsopano chapamwamba kwambiri, chosinthira mphamvu pambuyo pa MOSFET. Sikuti amangotengera kulowerera kwapamwamba kwa MOSFET (≥108W), komanso kuyendetsa pang'ono (pafupifupi 0.1μA). Ilinso ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri monga kupirira kwamphamvu kwambiri (mpaka 1200V), ntchito yayikulu (1.5A ~ 100A), mphamvu yotulutsa (1 ~ 250W), mzere wabwino wa transconductance, komanso kuthamanga kwachangu. Ndendende chifukwa chimaphatikiza ubwino wa machubu otsekemera ndi ma transistors amagetsi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumagetsi amplifiers (kukweza kwamagetsi kumatha kufika masauzande), ma amplifiers, kusintha magetsi ndi ma inverters.
Monga tonse tikudziwa, chipata, gwero ndi kukhetsa kwa MOSFET yachikhalidwe zili pafupi ndi ndege yopingasa yomweyi pa chip, ndipo momwe ntchito yake ikuyendera imayenda molunjika. Chubu cha VMOS ndi chosiyana. Lili ndi zigawo ziwiri zazikuluzikulu: choyamba, chipata chachitsulo chimatenga mawonekedwe a V-woboola pakati; chachiwiri, ili ndi vertical conductivity. Popeza kukhetsa kumakokedwa kumbuyo kwa chip, chizindikiritso sichimayenda mopingasa motsatira chip, koma chimayamba kuchokera kudera la N+ lomwe lili ndi doped kwambiri (gwero S) ndikulowera kudera la N-drift mopepuka kudzera pa njira ya P. Potsirizira pake, imafika pansi kuti ikhetse D. Chifukwa chakuti chigawo chodutsa-gawo chimawonjezeka, mafunde akuluakulu amatha kudutsa. Popeza pali silicon dioxide insulating wosanjikiza pakati pa chipata ndi chip, akadali chipata chotchinga MOSFET.
Ubwino wogwiritsa ntchito:
MOSFET ndi chinthu choyendetsedwa ndi magetsi, pomwe transistor ndi chinthu chomwe chimayendetsedwa pano.
Ma MOSFET amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kachulukidwe kakang'ono kokha kamene kamaloledwa kutengedwa kuchokera kugwero lazizindikiro; ma transistors amayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pomwe mphamvu yamagetsi yatsika ndipo zambiri zapano zimaloledwa kutengedwa kuchokera kugwero lazizindikiro. MOSFET imagwiritsa ntchito zonyamulira zambiri poyendetsa magetsi, motero imatchedwa chipangizo cha unipolar, pomwe ma transistors amagwiritsa ntchito zonyamulira zambiri komanso zonyamulira zazing'ono poyendetsa magetsi, motero amatchedwa chipangizo cha bipolar.
Gwero ndi kukhetsa kwa ma MOSFET ena kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana, ndipo magetsi a pachipata amatha kukhala abwino kapena oyipa, kuwapangitsa kukhala osinthika kuposa ma triodes.
MOSFET imatha kugwira ntchito m'malo ochepa kwambiri apano komanso otsika kwambiri, ndipo kupanga kwake kumatha kuphatikiza ma MOSFET ambiri pa silicon chip. Chifukwa chake, MOSFET yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabwalo akuluakulu ophatikizika.
Olueky SOT-23N MOSFET
Makhalidwe ogwiritsira ntchito a MOSFET ndi transistor
1. Gwero la s, gate g, ndi drain d za MOSFET zimagwirizana ndi emitter e, base b, ndi wosonkhanitsa c wa transistor motsatana. Ntchito zawo ndizofanana.
2. MOSFET ndi chipangizo chamakono choyendetsedwa ndi voteji, iD imayang'aniridwa ndi vGS, ndipo machulukidwe ake a coefficient gm nthawi zambiri amakhala ochepa, kotero kuti kukulitsa kwa MOSFET kumakhala kosauka; transistor ndi chipangizo chamakono chomwe chimayendetsedwa, ndipo iC imayendetsedwa ndi iB (kapena iE).
3. Chipata cha MOSFET chimakoka pafupifupi palibe panopa (ig»0); pamene maziko a transistor nthawi zonse amakoka zina zamakono pamene transistor ikugwira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, kukana kolowera pachipata kwa MOSFET ndikokwera kuposa kukana kolowera kwa transistor.
4. MOSFET imapangidwa ndi ma multicarriers omwe akukhudzidwa ndi conduction; ma transistors ali ndi zonyamulira ziwiri, ma multicarriers ndi onyamula ochepa, omwe amakhudzidwa ndi conduction. Kuchuluka kwa onyamula ochepa kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu monga kutentha ndi ma radiation. Chifukwa chake, ma MOSFET ali ndi kutentha kwabwinoko komanso kukana kwamphamvu kwa radiation kuposa ma transistors. Ma MOSFET ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamene mikhalidwe ya chilengedwe (kutentha, ndi zina zotero) imasiyana kwambiri.
5. Pamene gwero lachitsulo ndi gawo lapansi la MOSFET zimagwirizanitsidwa palimodzi, gwero ndi kukhetsa zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosiyana, ndipo makhalidwe amasintha pang'ono; pamene wosonkhanitsa ndi emitter wa triode amagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyana, makhalidwe ndi osiyana kwambiri. Mtengo wa β udzachepetsedwa kwambiri.
6. Phokoso la phokoso la MOSFET ndilochepa kwambiri. MOSFET iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito momwe ingathere polowetsa mabwalo a amplifier apansi-phokoso ndi mabwalo omwe amafunikira chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha ma signal-to-phokoso.
7. Onse MOSFET ndi transistor akhoza kupanga mabwalo osiyanasiyana amplifier ndi kusintha mabwalo, koma akale ali ndi njira yosavuta kupanga ndipo ali ndi ubwino wa kugwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zochepa, kukhazikika kwabwino kwa kutentha, ndi mphamvu zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito magetsi. Choncho, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mabwalo akuluakulu komanso aakulu kwambiri.
8. Transistor ili ndi kutsutsa kwakukulu, pamene MOSFET ili ndi kukana pang'ono, mazana ochepa okha mΩ. Pazida zamagetsi zamakono, ma MOSFET nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati masiwichi, ndipo mphamvu yawo ndiyokwera kwambiri.
WINSOK SOT-323 encapsulation MOSFET
MOSFET motsutsana ndi Bipolar Transistor
MOSFET ndi chipangizo choyendetsedwa ndi magetsi, ndipo chipata sichimatengerapo zamakono, pamene transistor ndi chipangizo choyendetsedwa pakalipano, ndipo maziko ake ayenera kutenga nthawi yeniyeni. Chifukwa chake, pomwe mayendedwe ovotera magwero a siginecha ali ochepa kwambiri, MOSFET iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
MOSFET ndi kondakitala wonyamula zinthu zambiri, pomwe onse onyamula ma transistor amatenga nawo gawo pakuwongolera. Popeza kuchuluka kwa zonyamulira zazing'ono kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi zinthu zakunja monga kutentha ndi ma radiation, MOSFET ndiyabwino kwambiri pazomwe chilengedwe chimasintha kwambiri.
Kuphatikiza pa kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida za amplifier ndi ma switch osinthika ngati ma transistors, ma MOSFET amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zopinga zowongolera ma voltages.
Gwero ndi kukhetsa kwa MOSFET ndizomwe zimapangidwira ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosinthana. Mphamvu yamagetsi yachipata cha MOSFET imatha kukhala yabwino kapena yoyipa. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito ma MOSFET ndikosavuta kuposa ma transistors.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-13-2023
