Kodi mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito ma MOSFET ndi ati?

Ma MOSFET amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumayendedwe a analogi ndi digito ndipo amagwirizana kwambiri ndi miyoyo yathu.Ubwino wa MOSFETs ndi: dera loyendetsa galimoto ndi losavuta.MOSFETs imafuna kuyendetsa pang'onopang'ono kuposa ma BJTs, ndipo nthawi zambiri amatha kuyendetsedwa mwachindunji ndi CMOS kapena osonkhanitsa otsegula. Magalimoto oyendetsa a TTL. Chachiwiri, ma MOSFET amasintha mwachangu ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito mothamanga kwambiri chifukwa palibe chosungira. Kuphatikiza apo, ma MOSFET alibe njira yachiwiri yosokonekera. Kutentha kwapamwamba, nthawi zambiri kumakhala kolimba kupirira, kumachepetsa kuthekera kwa kuwonongeka kwa kutentha, komanso m'madera otentha kwambiri kuti apereke ntchito yabwino.MOSFETs akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito pazifukwa zambiri, mumagetsi ogula, mafakitale, electromechanical. zida, mafoni anzeru ndi zinthu zina zamagetsi zamagetsi zitha kupezeka paliponse.

MOSFET kusanthula nkhani ya ntchito

1, Kusintha ntchito magetsi

Mwa tanthawuzo, pulogalamuyi imafuna kuti ma MOSFET azichita ndikutseka nthawi ndi nthawi. Pa nthawi yomweyi, pali ma topology ambiri omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito posinthira magetsi, monga magetsi a DC-DC omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posinthira tonde amadalira ma MOSFET awiri kuti agwire ntchito yosinthira, masinthidwe awa mosiyanasiyana mu inductor kusunga. mphamvu, ndiyeno kutsegula mphamvu katundu. Pakadali pano, opanga nthawi zambiri amasankha ma frequency mu mazana a kHz komanso pamwamba pa 1MHz, chifukwa chakuti ma frequency apamwamba, ang'onoang'ono komanso opepuka maginito. Magawo achiwiri ofunika kwambiri a MOSFET pakusintha magetsi akuphatikiza mphamvu yotulutsa, magetsi olowera pachipata, kutsekeka kwa zipata ndi mphamvu ya avalanche.

2, ntchito zowongolera magalimoto

Ntchito zowongolera magalimoto ndi malo ena ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvuZithunzi za MOSFET. Mabwalo owongolera theka la mlatho amagwiritsa ntchito ma MOSFET awiri (mlatho wathunthu umagwiritsa ntchito zinayi), koma ma MOSFET awiriwa nthawi (nthawi yakufa) ndi ofanana. Pakugwiritsa ntchito, nthawi yobwezeretsanso (trr) ndiyofunikira kwambiri. Mukawongolera katundu wochititsa chidwi (monga kuyendetsa galimoto), dera lowongolera limasinthira MOSFET mudera la mlatho kupita kumadera akumidzi, pomwe kusintha kwina mudera la mlatho kumasinthira kwakanthawi kudzera mu diode ya thupi mu MOSFET. Choncho, panopa imazungulira kachiwiri ndikupitirizabe mphamvu injini. Pamene MOSFET yoyamba ikuchitanso, ndalama zomwe zimasungidwa mu diode ina ya MOSFET ziyenera kuchotsedwa ndikutulutsidwa kudzera mu MOSFET yoyamba. Uku ndikutha mphamvu, kotero kufupika kwa trr, kumachepetsa kutayika.

3, ntchito zamagalimoto

Kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu za MOSFET pamagalimoto agalimoto kwakula kwambiri pazaka 20 zapitazi. MphamvuMOSFETamasankhidwa chifukwa akhoza kupirira zosakhalitsa mkulu-voltage zochitika chifukwa wamba kachitidwe magetsi magalimoto, monga katundu kukhetsa ndi kusintha mwadzidzidzi mphamvu dongosolo, ndi phukusi lake ndi losavuta, makamaka ntchito TO220 ndi TO247 phukusi. Nthawi yomweyo, ntchito monga mazenera amagetsi, jakisoni wamafuta, ma wiper apakatikati, ndi zowongolera maulendo pang'onopang'ono zikukhala zodziwika bwino m'magalimoto ambiri, ndipo zida zamagetsi zofananira zimafunikira pakupanga. Panthawi imeneyi, mphamvu zamagalimoto za MOSFET zidasintha monga ma motors, solenoids, ndi majekeseni amafuta adakhala otchuka kwambiri.

Ma MOSFET omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamagalimoto amakhala ndi ma voltages osiyanasiyana, mafunde, komanso kukana. Kukonzekera kwa mlatho wamagetsi a 30V ndi 40V, zipangizo za 60V zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyendetsa katundu kumene kutsitsa mwadzidzidzi ndi kuyambika koyambira kuyenera kuyang'aniridwa, ndipo teknoloji ya 75V imafunika pamene muyeso wamakampani umasinthidwa kukhala machitidwe a batri a 42V. Zipangizo zowonjezera zowonjezera zimafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya 100V mpaka 150V, ndipo zida za MOSFET pamwamba pa 400V zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mayunitsi oyendetsa injini ndi ma circuit control for high intensity discharge (HID) headlamp.

Mayendedwe agalimoto a MOSFET amayambira pa 2A mpaka kupitilira 100A, kukana koyambira 2mΩ mpaka 100mΩ. Zonyamula za MOSFET zimaphatikizapo ma mota, ma valve, nyali, zida zotenthetsera, ma capacitive piezoelectric assemblies ndi magetsi a DC/DC. Ma frequency osinthira nthawi zambiri amachokera ku 10kHz kupita ku 100kHz, ndikuchenjeza kuti kuwongolera kwagalimoto sikoyenera kusintha ma frequency opitilira 20kHz. Zina zofunika kwambiri ndi UIS ntchito, zikhalidwe ntchito pa mphambano kutentha malire (madigiri -40 mpaka 175 madigiri, nthawi zina mpaka madigiri 200) ndi kudalirika kwambiri kuposa moyo wa galimoto.

4, nyali za LED ndi dalaivala wa nyali

Mu mapangidwe a nyali za LED ndi nyali nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito MOSFET, kwa dalaivala wamakono wa LED, amagwiritsa ntchito NMOS. mphamvu MOSFET ndi bipolar transistor nthawi zambiri zosiyana. Chipata chake chachipata ndi chachikulu. Capacitor iyenera kulipitsidwa isanayendetse. Pamene mphamvu ya capacitor idutsa mphamvu yamagetsi, MOSFET imayamba kuchita. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kuzindikira pakukonza kuti mphamvu yonyamula katundu wa woyendetsa pachipata iyenera kukhala yayikulu mokwanira kuti kuwonetsetsa kuti kulipiritsa kwa chipata chofanana ndi chipata (CEI) kumatsirizidwa mkati mwa nthawi yomwe ikufunidwa ndi dongosolo.

Kuthamanga kwa kusintha kwa MOSFET kumadalira kwambiri kulipiritsa ndi kutulutsa mphamvu yolowera. Ngakhale wosuta sangathe kuchepetsa mtengo wa Cin, koma akhoza kuchepetsa mtengo wa chipata pagalimoto kuzungulira chizindikiro gwero mkati kukana Rs, motero kuchepetsa chipata kuzungulira kulipiritsa ndi kutulutsa nthawi zonse, kufulumizitsa liwiro losinthika, ambiri IC pagalimoto mphamvu makamaka zimaonekera apa, timati kusankha kwaMOSFETamatanthauza ma MOSFET akunja omwe amayendetsa nthawi zonse ma IC. zomangidwa mu MOSFET IC siziyenera kuganiziridwa. Nthawi zambiri, MOSFET yakunja idzaganiziridwa ngati mafunde opitilira 1A. Kuti mupeze mphamvu yayikulu komanso yosinthika yamagetsi a LED, MOSFET yakunja ndiyo njira yokhayo yosankhira IC iyenera kuyendetsedwa ndi kuthekera koyenera, ndipo mphamvu yolowera ya MOSFET ndiyo gawo lofunikira.